Mahatma Gandhi Biography

                       Mahatma Gandhi


1.Early Life and Education: 

• Birth: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, later known as Mahatma Gandhi, was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat, India.

• Family: He was born into a Hindu merchant caste family. His father, Karamchand Gandhi, was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar, and his mother, Putlibai, was deeply religious.

• Education: Gandhi went to London in 1888 to study law at University College London. After being called to the bar, he returned to India in 1891.

2.Struggle in South Africa: 

• In 1893, Gandhi went to South Africa to work as a legal representative for an Indian firm. He stayed for 21 years, during which he faced and fought against racial discrimination.

• Satyagraha: He developed the concept of satyagraha, or non-violent resistance, which he first applied in South Africa to fight for the rights of the Indian community.

3.Return to India and Freedom Struggle: 

• Gandhi returned to India in 1915. He joined the Indian National Congress and became a leader in the struggle for Indian independence.

• Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22): Urged Indians to boycott British goods, institutions, and taxes.

• Salt March (1930): A 240-mile march to the Arabian Sea to produce salt, defying British salt laws.

• Quit India Movement (1942): A mass protest demanding an end to British rule.

4.Philosophy and Impact: 

• Non-Violence (Ahimsa): Central to Gandhi’s philosophy, advocating for peaceful resistance and civil disobedience.

• Self-Reliance (Swadeshi): Promoted the use of domestic goods and self-sufficiency.

• Legacy: Influenced global figures like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela. He is remembered as the "Father of the Nation" in India.

5.Assassination: 

• Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist who opposed his policies of non-violence and tolerance.

Gandhi's life and principles continue to inspire movements for civil rights and freedom worldwide.

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